Svchost.exe is a system process that handles the processes executed from the dynamic-link libraries (DLLs). A number of services are run from the dynamic-link libraries and svchost.exe is the generic host process name used for such services. A Few years back, Microsoft decided to move all of the functionality from internal Windows services into the .dll files. The .dll files were created for moving the functionality from the .exe files for the sake of better re-usability. However, the .dll files cannot be executed directly and so, svchost.exe is required so as to execute the required .dll files. Different .dll files are created for different services and svchost.exe hosts all of them and calls the required files.
It is an integral part of the Windows Operating System and it cannot be restarted or started manually. At the startup, the services portion of the registry is checked by the svchost.exe and it then creates a list of the services that it needs to load for proper functioning of the system. A lot of services are required by Windows and these services are organized into logical groups, as grouping of services permits better debugging and control. A svchost.exe instance is created for each group of services that are in use and this is the reason why a number of instances of svchost.exe are found running in the background.
Each instance of svchost.exe supports a group of services, and if you're running Windows XP then you cannot see the supported services from the Task Manager. In order to see the supported services, you need to use the 'tasklist/SVC' command at the command prompt. The command displays a list of the services supported by each running instance of svchost.exe and you can then close the services accordingly so as to reduce the CPU usage.
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